Cu-based nanoparticles supported on three different carbon materials including: activated carbon (AC), ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC), and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNT) were prepared by ultrasonic assisted incipient-wetness impregnation and evaluated in oxidative carbonylation of methanol under atmosphere pressure. Samples were characterized by BET, XRD, TEM, H-2-TPR and XPS. The pore structure of carbon supports had significantly affected the location and dispersion of Cu species and the increased surface oxygenated groups promote Cu2+ reduced to (Cu-t + Cu-0). The Cu/OMC catalyst showed superior initial activity than Cu/AC and Cu/CNT catalysts because of smaller particle size of Cu species and moderate amounts of active species. The Cu/CNT catalyst was more stable than Cu/AC and Cu/OMC during the reaction process, and its deactivation is due to the oxidation of the active Cu2O and Cu. Unlike Cu/CNT, the deactivation of Cu/OMC and Cu/AC was caused by the oxidation of the active Cu species (Cu2O + Cu-0) and the increased particle size of Cu species.