Background: Recent studies have characterized a novel but extremely conserved long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) THOR. THOR directly associates with insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) to promote mRNA stabilization of key pro-cancerous genes. Results: Here, we show that THOR is expressed in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissues and established/primary human RCC cells. It was not detected in normal renal tissues nor in HK-2 and primary human renal epithelial cells. THOR silencing (by targeted siRNAs) or CRISPR/Cas9 knockout inhibited RCC cell growth, viability and proliferation in vitro. Reversely, forced over-expression of THOR promoted RCC cell survival and proliferation. IGF2BP1-regulated genes, including IGF2, GLI1 and Myc, were down regulated by THOR silencing or knockout, but they were upregulated after THOR over-expression. In vivo, THOR-knockout 786-O tumors grew significantly slower than the control tumors in nude mice. Conclusion: THOR expression promotes RCC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. THOR could be a novel and important therapeutic target for human RCC. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.