In this paper, we report the effects of the pulse polarity on the plasma jet's discharge characteristics, particularly, on the production of the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and the inactivation efficiency of myeloma cells, for the purpose of identifying and elucidating the correlation between the dose of RONS and cell viability. Experimental results reveal that the positive plasma jet has a longer length than that for negative plasma jet with the equivalent pulse power. The positive pulse plasma jet would produce higher production of the excited reactive species (OH(A), N-2(C), N-2 (+)(B), He(3s(3)S), O(3p(5)P)), the positive ions (N+, O+, N-2 (+), O-2 (+)), and the aqueous species O-2 (-), OH, and ONOO-, while negative plasma jet would generate higher concentration of the negative ions (OH-, O-2 (-), NO2 (-), NO2 (-)) and the aqueous species NO2 (-) and NO3 (-). Additionally, the myeloma cells treated by positive plasma jet results in more cell apoptosis and more CD95 expression compared to negative plasma jet, indicating the impact for the cell apoptosis is more significant in the cellular response to the positive plasma jet. By comparing and analyzing the different doses of RONS to the responses of myeloma cells under positive and negative pulse plasma jet, our findings suggest the cell viability has a positive correlation with the concentration of the concentration of ONOO- and the concentration ratio of H2O2 to NO2 (-), implying the high concentrations for ONOO- and H2O2 might be responsible for the inactivation of myeloma cancer cells.