Introduction: Thyroid hypofunction during early development results in anatomical alterations in the cerebellum, cerebrum, hippocampus and other brain structures. The plastic organization of the nucleus basalis of Meynert (nBM) projections to the whiskers-related somatosensory (wS1) cortex in adolescent pups with maternal thyroid hypofunction and sensory deprivation was assessed through retrograde WGA-HRP labeling. Methods: Congenital hypothyroidism induced by adding PTU (25 ppm) to the drinking water from embryonic day 16 to postnatal day (PND) 60. Pregnant rats were divided to intact and congenital hypo thyroid groups. In each group, the total whiskers of pups (4 of 8) were trimmed continuously from PND 0 to PND 60. Results: Following separately WGA-HRP injections into wS1, retrogradely labeled neurons were observed in nBM. The number of labeled neurons in nBM were higher in the congenital hypothyroid and whisker deprived groups compared to their controls (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Based on our results both congenital hypothyroidism and sensory deprivation may disturb normal development of cortical circuits in of nBM afferents to the wS1 cortex. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.