In this study, microalgal biomass waste (Chlorella regularis) was treated while simultaneously producing bioelectricity in a microbial fuel cell (MFC). Algal biomass was the sole electron donor and was enriched with easily biodegradable proteins (46%) and carbohydrates (22%). The generated power density was 0.86 W/m(2) and the columbic efficiency reached similar to 61.5%. The power generation could be further increased to 1.07 W/m(2) by using a biomass waste concentration enhancement strategy with maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of similar to 65.2%. Via direct comparison, the power generation and COD removal capability of the algal- fed MFC was close to that of the commercial acetate- fed MFC. The algae- fed MFC presented superior electrochemical characteristics that were attributed to the complicated composition of the biomass anolyte. It possessed a multiple anode respiring bacterial group and diverse microbial community. Hence, this study provides a new strategy for the utilization of microalgal biomass as a bioresource.