Electrochimica Acta, Vol.283, 1753-1762, 2018
Molecular organic materials intermediate layers modified with carbon black in potentiometric sensors for chloride determination
Design of sensors with improved parameters is still an extensive field of analytical research. A comparative study between seven types of all-solid-state ion-selective electrodes (ASS-ISEs) and coated disc ion-selective electrode (CD-ISE) was carried out. This work developed solid contact layers designed from molecular organic materials (MOMs): tetrathiafulvalene (TTF), its chloride salt (TTFC1) or tetrathiafulvalene-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TTF-TCNQ) with or without the addition of carbon black (CB) acting as inner transducers. Intermediate layers were deposited by a solution casting on the top of glassy carbon disc electrodes and then were covered with a membrane containing tridodecylmethy-lammonium chloride, o-nitrophenyl octyl ether, and poly(vinyl chloride). Molecular organic conductive materials were compared with CB-MOM composites as materials responsible for transduction process in all-solid-state chloride-selective electrodes. The proposed solid contact layers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical methods. The intermediate layer effect on the electrodes was tested, and prepared sensors were investigated by potentiometric, chronopotentiometric and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. All the modified electrodes displayed a satisfactory performance and Nernstian electrode function for chloride in the concentration range from 10(-5) M to 10(-1) M, however the best sensitivity and detection limit were observed for the CB-TTFC1contacted electrode. The obtained results showed that the electrodes with internal layer consisting of CB-MOM nanocomposite presented slightly more sensitive response to chloride, lower impedance and a higher capacitance than electrodes based only on various molecular organic materials. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.