Fuel, Vol.234, 1269-1277, 2018
Computational study of intake temperature effects on mixture formation, combustion and unregulated emissions of a DISI methanol engine during cold start
Direct injection spark ignition (DISI) methanol engines have an excellent lean-burn properties but with more unregulated emissions of formaldehyde and unburned methanol and cold start difficulties. In this study, intake temperature effects on mixture formation, combustion processes, and unregulated emissions of formaldehyde and unburned methanol were numerically simulated for a stratified-charge DISI methanol engine during cold start. Computational results show that increasing the intake temperature during cold start boosts the evaporation of methanol and improves the in-cylinder distribution of methanol-air mixture, thereby accelerating the combustion and mitigating formaldehyde and unburned methanol emissions. When the intake temperature increases from 283 K to 293 K, the ignition delay is reduced by 1.3 degrees CA (crank angle). Meanwhile, the maximum cylinder pressure, maximum heat release rate, and maximum cylinder temperature increase by approximately 0.59 MPa, 20 J/degrees CA and 165 K, respectively; formaldehyde and unburned methanol emissions are reduced by 27% and 48%. When the intake temperature is further increased to 313 K, the effects on the engine operations as well as emissions become weaker. There were almost no improvements on combustion or unregulated emissions when the intake temperature was above 313 K.
Keywords:Direct injection spark ignition engine;Methanol;Intake temperature;Combustion;Unregulated emissions;Cold start