Recent research on liquid spray additives for coal dust suppression has been focused on enhancing the wetting ability while neglecting the mitigation of dust re-entrainment issue. The present study employs the free radical polymerization approach to conduct graft co-polymerization involving sodium alginate, acrylamide, and caprolactam. Meanwhile, dodecyldimethyl betaine, as a surfactant, is introduced to the co-polymerization process to prepare a dust suppressant spray with wetting and cementing effects. FTIR and XRD techniques are utilized to conduct microscopic examination of the polymerization reaction so as to analyze the reaction progress from the perspectives of functional groups and particle structures. In addition, the thermal stability of the prepared product is tested, SEM is employed to visualize the microscopic morphology of the desiccated product, and contact angle measurements are conducted to quantify the wetting ability of the product and illustrate the practical effect of the product.