화학공학소재연구정보센터
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol.57, No.31, 10126-10136, 2018
Highly Efficient Transfer Hydrogenation of Levulinate Esters to gamma-Valerolactone over Basic Zirconium Carbonate
Novel and selective strategies for platform chemical production from renewable biomass are highly attractive in respect to value-added utilization of sustainable resources. In this study, a series of low-cost, commercially available, transition metal carbonates (Zr, Ni, Mg, Zn, and Pb) were investigated for catalytic transfer hydrogenation of levulinate esters to gamma-valerolactone (GVL) via the cascade process of Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV) reduction and lactonization reaction. Among the selected catalysts, basic zirconium carbonate is the most active, with the highest turnover frequency (TOF) of 3.1 h(-1) and a surface reaction rate of 0.21 mol m(-2) h(-1). At 453 K, 3.0 h, and 1.0 MPa N-2, 100% ethyl levulinate conversion, 96.3% GVL yield, and 91.9% hydrogen donor utilization are observed due to the cooperative effect between acid (Mn+) and base (-OH) sites. Furthermore, this catalyst shows high recyclability under the optimized conditions, where a satisfactory catalytic activity is shown even after six consecutive runs.