화학공학소재연구정보센터
Inorganic Chemistry, Vol.57, No.15, 9205-9214, 2018
Understanding the Nonplanarity in Aromatic Metallabenzenes: A sigma-Control Mechanism
Metallabenzenes, the organometallic counterparts of benzene with one of the C atoms being replaced by a metal atom, expand the family of aromatics and further create prospective candidates for novel applications as functional materials. One intriguing feature of these complexes is that their MCS rings do not always constrict into a planar configuration as in the C6 ring of benzene. Such a deviation has often been attributed to the unfavorable antibonding interactions between an occupied metal d orbital and the pi orbitals of the C5 moiety. We herein scrutinize the frontier orbital interactions in both sigma and pi spaces in a plethora of metallabenzene complexes using extensive density functional theory calculations. Unexpectedly, the nonplanarity in metallabenzenes is found to be hardly related to the pi orbitals. It is the antibonding interaction between an occupied metal d orbital and the sigma orbitals of the C5 moiety that dominates the observed distortion. Such a sigma-control mechanism not only provides an explanation for the commonly observed nonplanarity in metallabenzenes but also points out a novel direction toward the rational design of functional materials with enhanced metallaaromaticity.