In this work, the photocatalytic reduction performance of carbon dioxide (CO2) was investigated on the alkali and alkaline earth metal ions (Mg2+, N-a+, K+) exchanged hydrogen titanate nanotubes (H-TNTs) under simulated sunlight. The experimental results verified that carbon monoxide (CO) and methane (CH4) were the main products in the studies. Compared to the pure H-TNTs, 0.1 M-Mg-H-TNTs was the most excellent one among the Mg2+ modified samples, 5-h CO and CH4 generation amount of which promoted to 3.8 times and 16.5 times, respectively. It was found that the tubular structure of H-TNTs was well maintained after Mg2+ ion-exchange, according with the characterization results of XRD and TEM. The result of UV-Vis spectra, PL spectra, Photocurrent measurement, CO2-TG and CO2-TPD indicated that Mg-H-TNTs had better transmission efficiency of photogenerated electron and stronger CO2 adsorption capability. What's more, the CO2 photocatalytic reduction test on Na-H-TNTs and K-H-TNTs indicated that alkali and alkaline earth metal ions-exchange method was a feasible process to enhance photocatalytic reduction performance of H-TNTs. This study not only provide a simple approach to modify photocatalysts for the enhanced CO2 photocatalytic reduction performance, but also inspire more practical and feasible modification for CO2 photoreduction.