This work prepares a novel CeO2-MoS2 hybrid magnetic biochar (CMMB) for the adsorptive removal of Pb(II) and humate from aqueous solution. The CMMB was evaluated against magnetic biochar (MB). The results showed that CMMB exhibited strong magnetic separation ability. Hybridization of CMMB greatly improved Pb (II) and humate removal compared to MB, with > 99% Pb(II) and humate removed within 6 h. Pb(II) and humate removal capacities of CMMB were 263.6 mg/g and 218.0 mg/g, respectively, with negligible influence of ion strength in the range of 0-0.1 mol/L NaNO3. Pb(II) removal mechanism involved predominately with electrostatic attraction, C pi-Pb(II) bond interaction, and surface adsorption and complexation combined processes; while pore-filling, partition effect and pi-pi interaction contributed to the adsorption of humate. Overall, the introduction of graphene-like MoS2 materials into biochar benefits both of the biomass resources recovery and environmental protection.