L-Lysine is a commodity amino acid produced from starch feedstock. Various alternative feedstocks had been used for L-lysine production, but the yield was very low. This study took the first preliminary investigation on L-lysine production from lignocellulose for the replacement of food-crop starch. Corn stover was dry acid pre-treated and biodetoxified, then used for enzymatic hydrolysis and L-lysine fermentation by an industrial Corynebacterium glutamicum strain. Various fermentation parameters, nutrient additions, and operation variables were applied and finally 33.8 g/L of L-lysine was obtained. This L-lysine titer is still below that of starch based fermentation, but already 3-5 folds greater than that of other alternative feedstocks based fermentation. A techno-economic analysis was conducted and the minimum selling price of L-lysine (hydrochloride form) was calculated to be $2.445 per kg. The cost reduction by the future improvement could fill the technical and economic gap between the cellulosic and starch based L-lysine production.