CoFe2O4/Cd0.9Zn0.1S (CFO/CZS) p-n junction photocatalysts were prepared by a simple calcination method. In the as-prepared CFO/CZS photocatalysts, the CoFe2O4 (CFO) nanoparticles were decorated on the surface of Cd0.9Zn0.1S (CZS) nanorods. The ferromagnetic property of the as-prepared CFO/CZS photocatalysts ensures their convenient recycling by an external magnetic field. CFO/CZS photocatalysts with the mass ratio of CFO to CZS of 7% showed the highest photocatalytic H-2 evolution activity, the rate of 350.2 mu mol/h, which is around 10 times higher than that of pure CZS with an apparent quantum efficiency of 27% at 420 nm. This remarkable enhancement of photocatalytic activity could be attributed to the highly efficient separation of photogenerated charge after the formation of p-n junctions. Moreover, as-synthesized CFO/CZS p-n junction photocatalysts showed strong magnetic recyclability and excellent photostability.