One-pot hydrothermal synthetic approach for preparing nitrogen-containing mesoporous carbons with high surface area and rich nitrogen content through organic-organic self-assembly of ampliphilic triblock copolymer (Pluronic F127), phenolic resins and ethylenediamine as nitrogen source has been achieved. Ethylenediamine molecules participate in cross-linking of resorcinol and aldehyde, whereas the formed resin molecules bridge with Pluronic F127 via hydrogen bonding during hydrothermal process, leading to the formation of nitrogen-containing carbons with ordered mesostructure during pyrolysis at 800 degrees C. The obtained nitrogen-containing carbon had a large surface area and pore volume, nitrogen incorporated into carbon frameworks was capable for enhancing the CO2 adsorption capacity.