The obligate chemolithoautotrophic bacterium, Hydrogenovibrio marinus MH-110 has three ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) isoenzymes, designated CbbLS-1, CbbLS-2, and CbbM, which are encoded by the cbbL1S1, cbbL2S2, and cbbM genes, respectively. Functions of these isoenzymes at different CO2 concentrations were investigated using deletion mutants of their genes. Deletion of cbbL1 had no effect on cell growth under any of the test growth conditions. The cbbL2 mutant was unable to grow under lower (<= 0.15%) CO2 conditions, though it grew normally under higher (>= 2%) CO2 conditions. Growth of the cbbM mutant was retarded under higher CO2 conditions but was not affected by lower CO2 conditions. These results indicate that CbbLS-2 and CbbM specifically function under lower and higher CO2 conditions, respectively. The growth retardation of the cbbL2 and cbbM mutants was not restored by complementation with plasmids carrying the cbbL2S2 and cbbM genes, respectively. The cbbL2S2 and cbbM genes are followed by the carboxysome genes and the cbbQmOm genes, respectively. Co-expression of these downstream genes was probably necessary for the in vivo function of CbbLS-2 and CbbM. CbbLS-1 was upregulated in the cbbL2 and cbbM mutants under the lower and higher CO2 conditions, respectively, indicating that the expression of cbbL1S1 was controlled to compensate the deficiency of the other RuBisCO isoenzymes. (C) 2018, The Society for Biotechnology, Japan. All rights reserved.