This review paper deals mainly with acid-base, oxidation catalytic reactions, but also more general catalytic properties of metal oxides and their recent developments in the field of heterogeneous catalysis, a field largely covered by Prof. Guido Busca, during his scientific career. It includes a description of the main metal oxide catalysts used for acid-base (various reactions), partial and total oxidations, and other reactions, and of the main industrial processes using or expected to use them. Some case studies have been chosen as examples of recent progresses in metal oxides syntheses leading to new 2D, 3 D materials and these reactions. Particular attention is borne on recent and future researches and perspectives, mainly monitored by actual society regulations related to environmental issues, uses of biomass derivatives, carbon neutral processes and sustainability.