Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol.117, No.22, 6071-6082, 1995
A Highly Ordered Self-Assembled Monolayer Film of an Azobenzenealkanethiol on Au(111) - Electrochemical Properties and Structural Characterization by Synchrotron in-Plane X-Ray-Diffraction, Atomic-Force Microscopy, and Surface-Enhanced Raman-Spectroscopy
The synthesis and characterization of p-HS(CH2)(11)OC6H4N=NC6H5, compound 1d, is reported. Compound 1d self-assembles onto Au(111) substrates into highly ordered monolayer films. Self-assembled monolayer films (SAMs) of 1d on Au(111)/mica have been characterized by ellipsometry, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). We also report the characterization of SAMs of 1d on bulk single crystal Au(111) by synchrotron in-plane X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. AFM and in-plane XRD suggest that a SAM of 1d is comprised of domains of 1d which form a hexagonal lattice (4.50 +/- 0.06 Angstrom nearest neighbor spacing) that is incommensurate with the underlying Au(111) lattice. A model is proposed to describe the SAM structure. In such a model, small bundles (similar to 80 molecules) of ordered azobenzene moieties that rest over a set of inward tilting alkyl surface tethering groups make up the individual domains. The "bundle model" for a SAM of 1d on Au(111) is a new one and provides insight into the way adsorbate molecules may arrange themselves in these novel materials. Thermal annealing of the as-deposited SAM of 1d results in a modest increase in domain size from similar to 45 to similar to 55 Angstrom and a change in azobenzene tilt angle from 20-30 degrees to approximately 0 degrees with no change in nearest neighbor spacing.
Keywords:ORGANIZED MOLECULAR ASSEMBLIES;REVERSIBLE ALIGNMENT CHANGE;INTERFACIAL POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION;SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY;ELECTRON-TRANSFER KINETICS;OXIDIZED ALUMINUM SURFACE;LANGMUIR-BLODGETT LAYERS;NEMATIC LIQUID-CRYSTALS;NORMAL-ALKANOIC ACIDS;SIDE-CHAIN POLYMERS