Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol.117, No.23, 6265-6272, 1995
Determination of the Singlet-Triplet Energy Separation for C-60(2-) in DMSO by Electron-Paramagnetic-Resonance
In situ near-IR (NIR) spectra for C-60(2-) generated electrochemically in DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) indicate 87 +/- 10% conversion to C-60(2-). In the EPR spectra at 106 K a single line with a 2-G peak-to-peak line width is superimposed on signals with splittings of 11 and 30 G, which is similar to spectra reported in the literature. The total intensity for all of the signals observed at 106 K is less than 4% of the total C-60, which is too small for the ground state of C-60(2-). The spin lattice relaxation time for the sharp signal is about 0.6 s at 4 K, which is too long to permit study by continuous wave EPR spectroscopy. The temperature dependence of the intensity of the FID and of the spin echo for the sharp signal between 4.5 and 50 K corresponds to that expected for a doublet or triplet ground state species and not that expected for a thermally-populated excited state. The microwave power required to achieve a 90 degrees pulse for the sharp signal is that characteristic of an S = 1/2 system. Thus, the sharp EPR signal in DMSO is due to an S = 1/2 species that is neither the ground state nor a thermally-accessible excited state of C-60(2-). The EPR data in DMSO are consistent with the conclusion reached previously for toluene:acetonitrile solutions, studied below 120 K, that the ground state of C-60(2-) is diamagnetic. Above 135 K, a Lorentzian signal with a 30-G peak-to-peak line width grows in with increasing temperature and at 255 K corresponds to 6 +/- 1% (calculated for S = 1) of the C-60(2-) concentration determined by NIR. The temperature independence of the line width and the increase in signal intensity with increasing temperature distinguish this signal from the broad signals observed for C-60(-) and C-60(3-) in DMSO in this temperature interval. This signal is assigned to a thermally-populated excited triplet state of C-60(2-) with a singlet-triplet splitting of 600 +/- 100 cm(-1).
Keywords:JAHN-TELLER DISTORTION;BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE ANIONS;ABSORPTION-SPECTRA;APROTIC-SOLVENTS;CARBON-ATOMS;EPR;C60;SUPERCONDUCTIVITY;ELECTROREDUCTION;FULLERENES