The air pollution control devices (APCDs) of industrial boilers in China are backward compared to coal-fired power plants, enhancing serious particulate matter (PM) pollution. The PM removal characteristics of APCDs from two industrial boilers [a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler and a chain-grate boiler (CGB)] with ultralow emission were studied in this research. PM was sampled at the inlet/outlet of the fabric filter (FF), wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD), and wet electrostatic precipitator (WESP) through the cyclone-filter sampling system. The morphology and water-soluble ions of PM were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ion chromatography (IC). The results show that the concentrations of PM with aerodynamic diameters of <= 1, 2.5, and 10 mu m (PM PM2.5, and PM10, respectively) at the precipitator inlet of CFB are much higher than those of CGB. The PM removal efficiency of FF in the CFB boiler is 98.12-99.56%, while that of CGB is only 90.0-93.6%. WFGD can increase the alkalinity of PM, and the combined PM removal efficiency of WFGD coupled with WESP is 46.75-62.77%. SO42- is the most abundant water-soluble anion in PM, while the water-soluble cations are richest in Ca2+ and Na+. After ultralow-emission retrofit, the emission factors (EFs) of PM10, PM2.5, and PM, are 0.028-0.033, 0.025-0.028, and 0.014-0.017 kg/tonne, respectively. The percentage of PM2.5 in PM10 is 85.2-88.6% at the WESP outlet. These results are significant to the understanding of emission characteristics for atmospheric fine particles from industrial boilers with ultralow emission in China.