Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol.229, 156-166, 2019
Nonordered porous silica-based pure inorganic and hybrid organic-inorganic materials prepared by a nonaqueous, nonthermal sol-gel process
Herein is reported the synthesis and characterization of nonordered porous silica-based materials, University of Guanajuato Materials (UGM), which were obtained from a mixture of alkoxysilanes by using a nonaqueous, nonthermal sol-gel methodology without the addition of any directing agent and using wet acetone (1% water content) as a hydrolytic agent. The textural properties of specific surface area, pore volume and pore size were determined by means of N-2 physisorption at 77 K. The UGM silicas are described to be microporous, mesoporous and mixture of micro/mesoporous materials that may have Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface areas of up to 300 and 600 m(2)/g, respectively. Some of these materials were organofunctionalized by a co-condensation route. On the one hand, the silica UGM-111-OP(OH)(2) corresponds to a nonordered mixture of micro and mesoporous material with a surface area of 500 m(2)/g, and a Nafion (R)-[UGM-111-OP(OH)(2)] composite membrane was electrochemically characterized by cyclic voltammetry; the results indicated that the composite has promising potential for use as a proton-conductive material in proton-exchange membrane (PEM)-type fuel cells. On the other hand, the UGM-111-triamine silica is a mesoporous material with monomodal porosity (average pore diameter 3.75 nm) and a BET surface area of 570 m(2)/g; this material may have potential applications in the adsorption of metal ions such as copper (II). All materials were characterized in the solid state by C-13 and Si-29 CP-MAS, and UGM-111-OP(OH)(2) was also characterized by P-31 CP-MAS. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at 15000X magnification showed that both pure and hybrid organic-inorganic UGM silicas may be present as agglomerated spheres and that mesoporous pure UGM silicas may appear as nonuniform granular powders.
Keywords:Nonaqueous sol-gel process;Hybrid organic-inorganic materials;Nonordered porous materials;Alkoxysilanes;alpha;omega-diols