화학공학소재연구정보센터
Separation and Purification Technology, Vol.219, 169-179, 2019
A compact, economic scrubber to improve farm biogas upgrading systems
This paper presents a theoretical and experimental study of a new biogas upgrading technology and its application at farm scale. The process is designed for flows of raw biogas of up to 50 Nm(3)/h (55% CH4 and 45% CO2). The upgrading system includes a physical absorption of CO(2)at 7-10 bars into water and desorption at atmospheric pressure. First, the traditional bottom column design is improved to avoid the usual formation of biogas bubbles and leaks. As a second technological breakthrough, the process water is successfully recycled using a static mixer to enhance CO2 desorption from the water. Finally, the scrubbing system is entirely characterized: carbon dioxide absorption into the column is modeled using the transfer unit height (HTUGG) and the number of gas transfer units (NTUOG); the CO2 desorption step is performed in the static mixer at atmospheric pressure and modeled. Experiments with this new scrubber were conducted on a farm with raw biogas inlet flow rates ranging between 15.6 and 42 Nm(3)/h. It proved possible to upgrade biogas by up to 77% (Q(G) = 40.7 Nm(3)/h, Q(L) = 8.243 m(3)/h, P = 7.924 bar and T = 285 K) with good absorption efficiency (57.5%), a high methane recovery ratio (94%) and low power consumption (0.26 kWh/Nm(3)). The comparative analysis of the experimental results with the modeling proposed provides good references to evaluate this simple, cheap, compact technology and its potential for the production of bio-methane (no solvent recirculation) or fuel (solvent recirculation).