In accordance with the commitment of China to reducing emissions consistent with the Kyoto Protocol, the total carbon emissions of the nation mandatorily require fair allocation to all of the provinces in order to properly handle the relationship between development and emissions reduction. The current paper carries out an evaluation of the status of carbon emissions in China for the year 2012. Considering the viewpoint of Max-min satisfaction, the data envelopment analysis (DEA) is applied for the achievement of a fixed cost allocation. Through the comparison of the allocated amount of carbon emissions with the actual carbon emissions, we perform an analysis and evaluation of the use of carbon emission rights in all provinces. Two of the key findings are presented as follows: The utilization rate of carbon emission in eastern China is termed as the lowest, followed by the utilization in central China. However, the utilization rate of carbon emission in the western region is considered as the best. On the basis of our analysis, guidelines are put forward for a production plan that incorporates energy saving as well as emission reduction.