A good adaptability kinetic model for hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of full-range low-temperature coal tar (LCT) is established and applied to an isothermal trickle-bed reactor. The accurate kinetic parameters are obtained by gPROMS. The effects of reaction conditions on catalyst activity and HDO reaction in different positions of the reactor are discussed. Interestingly, the result shows that liquid hourly space velocity has no effect on internal diffusion during HDO of crude oil or diesel oil, but affects the internal diffusion during HDO of LCT, because LCT contains more resins and asphaltenes. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for reactor design and macro-control of hydrogenation process.