The hydrogen fuel rocket engine combustion chamber wall is very small and suffers high combustion temperature and heat rates. To effectively reduce the temperature of these overheated structures and improve the cooling performance for the entire channel, different from traditional smooth channel, the rib-bed plate structure is established. The several rib structures are investigated to find optimum height and spacing. The results indicate that the optimum cooling structure with rib-bed plate on the internal wall improves cooling performance. Comparied with the smooth channel, the rib enhances convection heat transfer coefficient and reduces the heat wall maximum temperature. The comprehensive comparisons of cooling performance for different rib structures indicate that the cross-distribution structure with a height 0.2 mm and spacing 2.5 mm is better to improve the cooling performance in a 2 mm*2 mm cross-section channel. Finally, the maximum heat wall temperature is decreased by 14.7%, (Nu/Nu(nofins))/(f/f(nofins))(1/3) is increased by a maximum over 25% than traditional smooth channel and cooling capacity is increased to 34.8%. 2019 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.