화학공학소재연구정보센터
Process Safety and Environmental Protection, Vol.132, 22-34, 2019
Fluid curtains for hydrogen sulphide control in refinery operations
Risk management of hydrogen sulphide is a challenging task in refinery operations. Despite the availability of very accurate modelling techniques and the compliance with internationally shared risk limits in hydrogen sulphide release prevention, post-release mitigation of hydrogen sulphide often remains a critical scenario. Fluid curtains are a well-known technology, which has successfully been adopted to mitigate mainly releases of hydrogen fluoride and ammonia. For these substances, high absorption effectiveness in pure water has enabled the technology to be included among the most advantageous methodologies in toxic hazard mitigation. Unfortunately, hydrogen sulphide is not absorbable in pure water, so that the application of fluid curtains would entail specific conceptual, design and operational aspects, in order for this technology to meet the same level of effectiveness attained for other toxic gases, especially when hydrogen sulphide concentrations are significant. This specific application has been dealt with to a very limited extent in the literature and no applications are reported at industrial level. Based on the elaboration of chemiabsorption absorption experimental data provided by van Krevelen et al. (1948), and by Astarita and Gioia (1964), this paper analyses and specializes the application of Fthenakis' model to hydrogen sulphide absorption in carbonate solutions, investigating and implementimg in full detail the available experimental data of chemisorption and the related fluid-dynamic aspects. A case study shows the high effectiveness of the technique, provided that chemistry and fluid dynamic aspects are fully identified and addressed in the design. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Institution of Chemical Engineers.