Collagen Triple Helix Repeat Containing 1 (CTHRC1) has been picked out as a cancer-related, secreted glycoprotein that possesses multifaceted functions such as wound repair, the formation of adipose tissue, hepatocytes fibrosis, and bone remodeling. This study aims to explore the biological function and the profound regulative mechanism of CTHRC1 in human prostate cancer (PCa). We found that CTHRC1 was upregulated in patients with PCa. The knockdown of CTHRC1 suppressed PCa cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and colony formation significantly. The expression of CTHRC1 was down-regulated and up-regulated by miR-30e-5p mimics and inhibitors, respectively, in PCa cells. The dual-luciferase reporter assay validated the binding of miR-30e-5p with CTHRC1 mRNA, indicating the regulation of CTHC1 by miR-30e-5p. In consequence, this study demonstrated that CTHRC1 acts as an oncogenic gene and targeting the miR-30e-5p-CTHRC1 axis may provide novel therapeutic treatment for PCa. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.