This study aimed to investigate the one-year bond strengths to dentin of one-bottle etch-and-rinse adhesive systems applied under different moisture conditions. Class V cavities were prepared in bovine incisors and randomly allocated (n?=?8) according to the type of adhesive system used ? SB (Adper? Single Bond 2); PB (Prime & Bond 2.1); and XPB (XP Bond) ? and the moisture condition kept in the cavity ? moist, over-wet, and over-dry. Filtek? Z250 was used for teeth restoration. Specimens for microtensile bond strength (?TBS) test were obtained and stored in water for 24?h or 1?year, and submitted to mechanical testing. Data were analyzed using t-tests, ANOVA and the Holm?Sidak post hoc test (??=?0.05). Weibull analysis was used to verify the reliability of specimens. The type of adhesive and the moisture condition of the substrate affected the ?TBS. At 24?h, SB performed better under the moist and over-wet conditions. At 1?year, SB, PB, and XPB showed the greatest percentage reduction at the moist (?38%), over-wet (100%), and over-dry (100%) conditions, respectively. The reliability of adhesives was affected by the variable factors tested. In conclusion, the solvent composition of adhesives and the moisture condition of the substrate play an important role in the bond strength and bonding stability of resin-based restorations, as well as on the reliability of the adhesive interfaces over time.