Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol.568, 273-281, 2020
Selective ozone treatment of PDMS printing stamps for selective Ag metallization: A new approach to improving resolution in patterned flexible/stretchable electronics
Hypothesis: Selective ozone treatment of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) print-stamps may facilitate local de-wetting of Krytox (R) 1506 oil; the resulting printed pattern can be used as a masking liquid during roll-to-roll vacuum-metallization, exemplified with Ag. This novel method may exploit high-throughput manufacture without chemical etchants or elevated temperatures for thin-film electronics. Experiments: The mechanism for selective wetting arose from O-3 treatment of PDMS through a shadow-mask to vary surface-energy due to formation of polar silanol (Si-OH) replacing surface methyl groups leading to contact angle reduction from 40 degrees-9 degrees for oil on PDMS. Oiled PDMS was (1) metalized itself and (2) used as a stamp to print onto polyethylene-terephthalate, consisting of oil pick-up/de-wetting/transfer-to-substrate/metallization. Findings: Ag (520-568 nm) thick was deposited outside oiled regions, surpassing similar to 20 mu m resolution of commercial printing. On metalized PDMS, minimum line widths were 2.6 mu m (with 10 mu m edge-grading from centrifugal oil spreading) or widths of 24 mu m (no Ag grading) following spin-coating/roll-coating oil respectively. The progressive effect of thinning oil via five successive stamp-to-substrate impressions, produced line widths of 14 mu m (with graded edge of 7.6 mu m via spreading from stamp-substrate compression). Developments may reduce reliance on laser engraving/photocuring, and could enhance micro-contact printing through liquid dynamics vs. topographical relief structures. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.