The layer of boehmite film with special micro-nanostructure was fabricated on substrate surface through a simple hydrothermal method using common feedstock. Then superhydrophobic surface originated from boehmite film modified with stearic acid was obtained. This paper explores the impact of reaction conditions including reaction time, the content of aluminum ion and precipitant, and the type of precipitant on the specific surface structure and morphology of the boehmite film. The wetting properties of as-prepared boehmite films with various special morphologies after hydrophobic treatment with stearic acid were investigated by measuring the contact angles of water. The boehmite films modified with stearic acid show superhydrophobicity. The water contact angle of superhydrophobic boehmite films is up to 167.1 degrees, and the rolling angle is 2.5 degrees.