Using batteries to convert chemical energy into electrical energy is one of the significant technologies that must be enhanced in the 21 st century. In the fuel battery development area, ionic liquids (ILs) are outstanding electrolytes for batteries. According to their thermophysical and phase equilibrium properties, ILs are widely used in different energy fields due to their diversity in the synthesis field. However, there are few detailed thermokinetic studies on ILs. To ensure the thermal safety of ILs in the process of creation, a commonly used IL, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate ([Bmim]NO3), was chosen for exploration. In this study, thermal decomposition characteristics were obtained by differential scanning calorimetry. The obtained data were input into the thermokinetic equation to determine the basic thermal hazards of [Bmim]NO3. In addition, based on thermal equilibrium theoretical models, the reaction kinetics and critical safety parameters were extrapolated for consideration. The influences of the sample mass and the overall heat transfer coefficient were simulated and discussed in 25.0 g and 50.0 g packages. The results showed that [Bmim]NO3 had a shorter TMRad and TCL (<1 day) when the temperature was greater than 200 degrees C. Moreover, SADT<150 degrees C can be used for evaluating the cooling system efficiency of [Bmim]NO3. (C) 2019 Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.