A Gram-stain-negative, orange-colored bacterium, designated HX-22-17(T), was isolated from activated sludge of an agricultural chemical plant in Maanshan, Anhui province, China (118 degrees 52 ' E 31 degrees 68 ' N). The strain was strictly aerobic, non-endospore forming, non-motile, and ellipse. Growth of the strain was observed at 16-42 degrees C (optimum between 25 and 30 degrees C) at pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum at pH 7.0) and with 0-6.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum at 1.0%). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the strain was most closely related to Rudanella lutea KACC 12603(T) (99.5% similarity). The predominant cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C-16:1 omega 7c and/or C-16:1 omega 6c), iso-C-15:0, and anteiso-C-15:0. The major polar lipids included posphatidylethanolamine (PE), aminolipid (AL), and phospholipids (PL). The genomic DNA G+C content of the strain was 54.1 mol%. The ANI and dDDH values obtained between the genomes of HX-22-17(T) and R. lutea KACC 12603(T) were 89.3% and 39.3%, respectively. The phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genotypic data clearly showed that strain HX-22-17(T) represents a novel species of the genus Rudanella, for which the name R. paleaurantiibacter sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HX-22-17(T) (=KCTC 72656(T) = CCTCC AB 2019347(T)).