Inorganic Chemistry, Vol.59, No.14, 10071-10082, 2020
Paramagnetic Cobalt(II) Complexes with Cyclam Derivatives: Toward F-19 MRI Contrast Agents
In order to develop novel, more efficient, and/or selective contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), different modi operandi are explored as alternatives to water-relaxation enhancement. In this work, cobalt(II/III) complexes of bis(N-trifluoroethyl)cyclam derivatives with two acetate or two phosphonate pendant arms, H(2)te2f2a and H(4)te2f2p, were prepared and investigated. X-ray diffraction structures confirmed octahedral coordination with a very stable trans-III cyclam conformation and with fluorine atoms located about 5.3 angstrom from the metal center. The Co(II) complexes are kinetically inert, decomposing slowly even in 1 M aqueous HCl at 80 degrees C. The Co(II) complexes exhibited well-resolved paramagnetically shifted NMR spectra. These were interpreted with the help of quantum chemistry calculations. The C-13 NMR shifts of the trans-[Co-II(te2f2p)](2-) complex were successfully assigned based on spin density delocalization within the ligand molecule. The obtained spin density also helps to describe d-metal-induced NMR relaxation properties of F-19 nuclei, including the contribution of a Fermi contact relaxation mechanism. The paramagnetic complexes show convenient relaxation properties to be used as F-19 MRI contrast agents.