Aims To isolate and characterize a native strain of Trichothecium roseum infecting the immatures of Pauropsylla buxtoni on fig leaves, to study the morphological features of the isolated strain, then to test the entomopathogenic effect of the isolated strain against the immatures of P. buxtoni on fig leaves. Methods and Results The isolated strain of T. roseum produced pink mycelial growth on culture medium with septate mycelium and conidiophores. It also produced two-celled conidia with elliptical to pyriform shape born at the tip of conidiophores. Molecular characterization of the isolated strain confirmed the identity of the strain as T. roseum. In bioassays, application of conidial suspension of the isolated strain against the 4th instar of P. buxtoni immatures infesting fig leaves showed an obvious entomopathogenic effect of the applied fungus strain against the targeted insect. This effect was exhibited by the death of treated P. buxtoni immatures with the fungus. The dead insects were characterized by the presence of pinkish mycelial growth on the outer surface which is characteristic to the fungus, in addition to the positive isolation of the fungus from internal tissues of treated insects after a proper external disinfection. Moreover, significant differences (at P < 0 center dot 018) were obtained between the means of mortality % of P. buxtoni immatures treated with different concentrations of conidial suspension of the fungus. Conclusions The overall results confirm the entomopathogenic effect of T. roseum against P. buxtoni immatures infesting fig leaves. Significant mortalities of P. buxtoni immatures were obtained when the different concentrations of the fungus conidial suspension were bio-assessed against the insect. Significance and Impact of the Study The tested strain of T. roseum can be applied as biocontrol agent of P. buxtoni on fig leaves within an integrated control programme to reduce the impact of pest on fig trees.