The review compiled by colleagues and students of B.V. Romanovsky, a professor at the Moscow State University, considers his scientific works published in the period from 1959 to 2019. By detailed analysis, it has become possible to identify five main areas that determine the scientific heritage of B.V. Romanovsky: (1) the development of kinetic methods for the study of catalysis on amorphous and crystalline aluminosilicates, (2) development of methods for studying the adsorption and acid properties of molecular sieves, (3) the development of mechanistic concepts in zeolite catalysis, (4) the design of molecular sieve catalysts for heterogeneous catalytic processes; and (5) the creation of new catalytic systems based on inclusion compounds. A particular emphasis is made on the pioneering work of Romanovsky on the creation of "ship-in-bottle" systems, which initiated a new direction in zeolite catalysis.