An ultralight bacterial cellulose/polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride (BC/PP-g-MA) composite cryogel was fabricated using a facile temperature induced phase separation (TIPS) method followed by freeze-drying. The presence of PP-g-MA endowed BC cryogel with the vital hydrophobicity for oil adsorption from water. With low density, high porosity, and high surface area, the obtained BC/PP-g-MA composite cryogel exhibited excellent adsorption capacity (up to 136 g/g) for a diversity of oils and organic solvents, making it a promising candidate for efficient oil/water separation.