Current Microbiology, Vol.77, No.10, 2821-2830, 2020
In Vitro Studies on Therapeutic Potential of Probiotic Yeasts Isolated from Various Sources
The present study investigates the therapeutic properties of probiotic yeasts viz.Yarrowia lipolyticaVIT-MN01,Kluyveromyces lactisVIT-MN02,Lipomyces starkeyiVIT-MN03,Saccharomycopsis fibuligeraVIT-MN04 andBrettanomyces custersianusVIT-MN05. The antimutagenic activity of probiotic yeasts against the mutagens viz. Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), and Sodium azide (SA) was tested.S. fibuligeraVIT-MN04 showed highest antimutagenicity (75%). Binding ability on the mutagen acridine orange (AO) was tested andL. starkeyiVIT-MN03 was able to bind AO effectively (88%). The probiotic yeasts were treated with the genotoxins viz. 4-Nitroquinoline 1-Oxide (NQO) and Methylnitronitrosoguanidine (MNNG). The prominent changes in UV shift confirmed the reduction in genotoxic activity ofS. fibuligeraVIT-MN04 andL. starkeyiVIT-MN03, respectively. Significant viability of probiotic yeasts was noted after being exposed to mutagens and genotoxins. The adhesion capacity and anticancer activity were also assessed using Caco-2 and IEC-6 cell lines. Adhesion ability was found to be more in IEC-6 cells and remarkable antiproliferative activity was noted in Caco-2 cells compared to normal cells. Further, antagonistic activity of probiotic yeasts was investigated againstS. typhimuriumwhich was found to be more inS. fibuligeraVIT-MN04 andL. starkeyiVIT-MN03. The inhibition of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase activity confirmed the antidiabetic activity of probiotic yeasts. Antioxidant activity was also tested using standard assays. Therefore, based on the results, it can be concluded that probiotic yeasts can serve as potential therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of colon cancer, type 2 diabetes and gastrointestinal infections.