Traditional cobalt selenides as active materials in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBS) would suffer from drastic volume expansions and large stacking effects, leading to a low cycling stability. In this work, we utilized a facile template method for preparing Co3Se4@N-CN (CSNC) that encapsulated Co3Se4 nanoparticles into 3D interconnected nitrogen-doped carbon network (N-CN). Satisfactorily, it possesses excellent cycling stability with enhanced lithium and sodium energy storage capacity. As an anode material in LIBs, CSNC exhibited a prominent reversible discharge performance of 1313.5 mAh g(-1) after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g(-1) and 835.6 mAh g(-1) after 500 cycles at 1.0 A g(-1). Interestingly, according to the analysis from cyclic voltammetry, the in-situ generated Se might provide extra capacity that leaded to a rising trend of capacity. When utilized as an anode in SIBS, CSNC delivered an outstanding capacity of 448.7 mAh g(-1) after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g(-1) and could retain 328.9 mAh g(-1) (77.2% of that of 0.1 A g(-1)) even at a high current density of 5.0 A g(-1). The results demonstrate that CSNC is a superior anode material in LIBs and SIBS with great promise. More importantly, this strategy opens up an effective avenue for the design of transition metal selenide/carbonaceous composites for advanced battery storage systems. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.