Transition metal oxides/selenides as anodes for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) suffer from the insufficient conductivity and large volumetric expansion, which leads to the poor electrochemical performance. To address these issues, we herein demonstrate a facile selenization method to enhance the sodium storage capability of CoMoO4 nanoparticles which are encapsulated into the electrospun carbon nanofibers (CMO@carbon for short). The partially and fully selenized CoMoO4 within carbon nanofibers (denote as CMOS@carbon and CMS@carbon, respectively) can be readily obtained by controlling the annealing temperature (at 400 and 600 degrees C, correspondingly). When examined as anode materials for SIBs, the CMOS@carbon nanofibers display an outstanding electrochemical performance with a higher reversible capacity of 396 mA h g(-1) after 200 cycles at 0.2 A g(-1) and a high-rate capacity of 365 mA h g(-1) at 2 A g(-1), as compared with the CMO@carbon and CMS@carbon counterparts. The enhanced sodium storage performance of the CMOS@carbon can be owing to the partial selenization of the CoMoO4 nanoparticles which are rooted into the porous electrospun carbon nanofibers, thus endowing them with superior ionic/electronic charge transfer efficiencies and a cushion against the electrode pulverization during cycling. Moreover, this work proposed a useful strategy to enhance the sodium storage performance of metal oxides via controlled selenization, which is promising for exploiting the advanced anode materials for SIBs. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.