For large-scale process monitoring, traditional decentralized monitoring methods fail to discriminate real faults from normal operation deviations. This paper proposes a novel decentralized method for monitoring large-scale industrial processes by exploring serial correlations and local manifold structures of the data. A block division strategy based on maximal information coefficient-spectral clustering is proposed, which can divide the measured variables into several blocks without any prior knowledge. To extract inter-block relevance, multiblock principal component analysis is introduced to whiten the original variables. On this basis, we develop a new dimensionality reduction algorithm named manifold regularized slow feature analysis (MRSFA) to capture the temporal dynamics and local structure information in each block. Monitoring statistics are constructed based on the captured feature information to concurrently monitor the operation deviations and anomalous dynamics. To achieve decision fusion, the monitoring results derived from all blocks are combined through Bayesian inference. Two case studies on the Tennessee Eastman process and a real industrial process are carried out and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.