The motion of particles in a monolayer induced by the coalescing of a bare bubble with a planar air-water interface was investigated in a modified Langmuir trough. Experiments were performed to understand the effect of particle hydrophobicity, subphase pH, packing density, the presence of a weak surfactant, and particle size distribution on the behavior of particle movement in the monolayer during the coalescence process. Video tracking software was used to track the particles and extract data based on the video footage. Visual inspection indicated that the coalescence of the bubble with the monolayer was a chaotic process which led the interface to oscillate to an extent that the particles underwent complete rearrangement. A simple analysis was carried out on the main forces involved in particle motion and rearrangement at the oscillating air-water interface. The motion characteristic of particles was evaluated by speed and mean-square displacement (MSD). The results showed that the butanol-treated particles had higher speed and MSD than the particles with a stronger affinity to the air-water interface. Similar results were also found at high subphase pH and low packing factor.