The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between fuel certification and gaseous and PM10 emissions and their composition. Two pellets labelled as ENplus A1 (certified pellets R and P) and a non-certified brand of pellets were tested in a pellet stove. The impact of operating conditions on emissions was also evaluated. The highest carbon monoxide (CO, 2.7-6.1-fold) and total organic carbon (TOC, 1.9-11-fold) emissions were observed for certified pellets R. Nitrogen oxide ( NO) emissions were higher for non-certified pellets (2.5-3.2-fold). The compliance of gaseous emissions with the Ecodesign thresholds was not ensured by certification. Certified pellets P generated significantly lower PM10 emissions than the other two types of pellets at medium and nominal loads. Water-soluble ions represented from 36 to 68 %wt. of the PM10 mass. The combustion of certified pellets P and non-certified pellets generated total carbon PM10 mass fractions ranging from 23 to 50 %wt., whereas pellets R resulted in lower mass fractions (7-14 %wt. PM10). The chromatographically resolved organic compounds were dominated by anhydrosugars and alkanols. Pyrene and retene were the most abundant among polyaromatic hydrocarbons. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.