A fluorescent probe based on silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) was developed for the selective and sensitive detection of oxytetracycline (OTC) via the inner filter effect (WE). The water-soluble fluorescent SiQD was synthesized based on the reaction of 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and sodium citrate as precursors by the one-pot hydrothermal process. The strong fluorescence emission of quantum dots (QDs) was obtained at 440 nm when excited at 350 nm and OTC had a broad absorption band between 200 and 400 nm. The excitation spectrum of SiQDs was completely overlapped with the absorption spectrum of OTC. The light at an excitation wavelength of QDs absorbed by OTC caused a decrease in fluorescence intensity with an increase in the concentration of OTC. Under optimal conditions, the linear concentration range was 0.92-9.2 mu g mL(-1) with a detection limit (LOD; S/N = 3) of 0.19 mu g mL(-1). The proposed method was applied to the determination of OTC in milk samples and satisfactory recoveries (98.8-100.5%) with low RSD % values (0.93-2.31%) were achieved. This simple, selective, sensitive, rapid, and cheap method can be used as a promising tool for OTC analysis in food safety.