Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.104, 85-92, December, 2021
Methanesulfonic acid-mediated conversion of microalgae Scenedesmus obliquus biomass into levulinic acid
E-mail:
In this study, we produced levulinic acid (LA) from green microalgae Scenedesmus obliquus under a methanesulfonic acid (MSA)-mediated conversion. To optimize reaction condition and evaluate their reciprocal interactions of reaction factors, a statistical experimental approach with central composite design was used. By optimizing the reaction conditions, LA was formed at a yield of 40.74% based on total carbohydrate at 180 °C, 12.5% biomass, 1.875 M MSA (0.15 M MSA/1% biomass), and 40 min. The combined severity factor (CSF) evaluation showed that glucose formation matched the non-linear sigmoidal equation with high regression. However, the LA formation was matched to the non-linear model (exponential decay) with high regression. The highest LA was observed at CSF > 3.5. The availability of microalgae as biomass and MSA as a catalyst was proven for producing sugar and platform chemicals.
Keywords:Microalgae;Scenedesmus obliquus;Levulinic acid;Hydrothermal conversion;Combined severity factor
- Kamm B, Gruber PR, Kamm M(Eds.), Biorefineries - Industrial Processes and Products, WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, 2006.
- Werpy T, Petersen G, NREL/TP-510-35523, National Renewable Energy Laboratory: Golden, CO., 2014.
- Mukherjee A, Dumont MJ, Raghauan V, Biomass Bioenerg., 72, 143 (2015)
- Bozell JJ, Petersen GR, Green Chem., 12(4), 539 (2010)
- van Putten RJ, van der Waal JC, de Jong E, Rasrendra CB, Heeres HJ, de Vries JG, Chem. Rev., 113(3), 1499 (2013)
- Rackemann DR, Doherty WOS, Bioprod. Bioref., 5, 198 (2011)
- Morone A, Apte M, Pandey RA, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 51, 548 (2015)
- Park MR, Kim SK, Jeong GT, Algal Res., 31, 116 (2018)
- Ho SH, Li PJ, Liu CC, Chang JS, Bioresour. Technol., 145, 142 (2013)
- Alam MA, Yuan T, Xiong W, Zhang B, Lv Y, Xu J, Bioresour. Technol., 294 (2019)
- Sivaramakrishnan R, Incharoensakdi A, Fuel, 217, 458 (2018)
- Amoah J, Hasunuma T, Ogino C, Kondo A, Biochem. Eng. J., 142, 117 (2019)
- Kim TH, Oh YK, Lee JW, Chang YK, Algal Res., 26, 431 (2017)
- Ismalaj E, Strappaveccia G, Ballerini E, Elisei F, Piermatti O, Gelman D, Vaccaro L, ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 2, 2461 (2014)
- Pongracz P, Kollarb L, Mika LT, Green Chem., 18, 842 (2016)
- Girisuta B, Janssen LPBM, Heeres HJ, Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 84(A5), 339 (2006)
- Tukacs JM, Novak M, Dibo G, Mika LT, Catal. Sci. Technol., 4, 2908 (2014)
- Park MR, Kim HS, Kim SK, Jeong GT, Fuel Processing Technol., 172, 115 (2018)
- Kim HS, Park MR, Jeon YJ, Kim SK, Hong YK, Jeong GT, Energy Technol., 6, 1747 (2011)
- Rackemann DW, Bartley JP, Doherty WOS, Ind. Crop. Prod., 52, 46 (2014)
- Kim HS, Park MR, Kim SK, Jeong GT, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 35(6), 1290 (2018)
- Badgujar KC, Wilson LD, Bhanage BM, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 102, 266 (2019)
- Gallezot P, Chem. Soc. Rev., 41, 1538 (2012)
- Liu X, Li S, Liu Y, Cao Y, Chin. J. Catal., 36, 1461 (2015)
- Omari KW, Besaw JE, Kerton FM, Green Chem., 14, 1480 (2012)
- Gernon MD, Wu M, Buszta T, Janney P, Green Chem., 1, 127 (1999)
- Jeong GT, Kim SK, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 38(5), 997 (2021)
- Jeong GT, Kim SK, Bioresour. Technol., 313 (2020)
- Rihko-Struckmann LK, Oluyinka O, Sahni A, McBride K, Fachet M, Ludwig K, Sundmacher K, RSC Adv., 10, 24753 (2020)
- Wang JJ, Tan ZC, Zhu CC, Miao G, Kong LZ, Sun YH, Green Chem., 18, 452 (2016)
- Jeong GT, Kim SK, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 9 (2021)
- Im H, Kim B, Lee JW, Bioresour. Technol., 193, 386 (2015)
- Rackemann DW, Bartley JP, Harrison MD, Doherty WO, RSC Adv., 6, 74525 (2016)
- Kim HS, Kim SK, Jeong GT, Microbiol. Biotechnol. Lett., 48, 331 (2020)
- Sluiter A, Hames B, Ruiz R, Scarlata C, Sluiter J, Golden: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2011.
- Lee SB, Kim SK, Hong YK, Jeong GT, Algal Res., 13, 303 (2016)
- Yun J, Li W, Xu Z, Jin FM, Adv. Mater. Res., 860-863, 485 (2014)
- Coffey RS, Chem. Commun., 923b (1967).
- Yun J, Jin F, Kishita A, Tohji K, Enomoto H, J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 215 (2010)
- Yang G, Pidko EA, Hensen EJM, J. Catal., 295, 122 (2012)
- Yang L, Tsilomelekis G, Caratzoulas S, Vlachos DG, ChemSusChem, 8, 1334 (2015)
- Rasmussen H, Sorensen HR, Meyer AS, Carbohydr. Res., 385, 45 (2014)
- Wang YX, Pedersen CM, Deng TS, Qiao Y, Hou XL, Bioresour. Technol., 143, 384 (2013)
- Hu X, Wu LP, Wang Y, Song Y, Mourant D, Gunawan R, Gholizadeh M, Li CZ, Bioresour. Technol., 133, 469 (2013)
- Pedersen M, Meyer AS, New Biotechnol., 27, 739 (2010)