Langmuir, Vol.10, No.7, 2370-2375, 1994
Surface Pressure Feedback-Control for Langmuir-Blodgett-Film Transfer .1. Optimization of Process-Control Parameters
A recent investigation has shown that the process control dynamics of the surface pressure feedback system used during Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film transfer have a significant impact on the quality of deposited films. Precise control of the surface pressure during LB film transfer may therefore be essential for producing defect-free ultrathin films, especially at the high deposition rates that will be required for large-scale production. To achieve precise control with a surface pressure feedback control system, careful adjustment or optimization of the process control constants is required. In this paper, two procedures are described for optimizing the surface pressure feedback control constants for a computer-controlled LB trough. The criterion used for optimization is that when a disturbance to the surface pressure occurs during feedback control, the surface pressure should return as quickly as possible to its setpoint value with little or no overshoot. Optimum proportional (K(P)) and integral (K(I)) control constants, as well as barrier velocity (v), are determined for arachidic acid deposition by introducing two types of disturbances during surface pressure feedback control : (1) a step change to the surface pressure setpoint and (2) rapid transfer of the floating monolayer film to a glass substrate using the vertical dipping method (pulsed input). The results show that both procedures give the same values (or range of values) for the optimum K(P), K(I), and v. In our control system, we also find that, at low transfer rates, the control of the surface pressure during film transfer does not critically depend on the values set for feedback control constants, as long as the control system is stable.