Preformed poly(pyrrole) and poly(thiophene) are incorporated into montmorillonite by the interaction of colloidal nanoparticles of the polymers with the colloidal, exfoliated host. Nanocomposites obtained are characterized by X-ray diffraction, SEM, FTIR, and electrical conductivity. The colloid colloid reaction method provides a general route to incorporation of intractable polymers within layered host structures that can be exfoliated, such as smectite clays, metal disulfides, and some metal oxides.