Fly-ash from local power plants utilizing oil shale and dust outburst from cement kilns of Kunda factory am the main anthropogenic particulates emissions into Estonian atmosphere. By means of instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) more than 30 microelements have been quantitatively determined in waste products of Estonia [1-3] and in natural ashes of Kamtchatka volcanoes (Russia) [5]. In this paper a quantitative comparison of microelemental composition of anthropogenic pollutants from the plants mentioned above and of volcaneous ashes with the composition of the American standard - coal fly-ash NRS-1633 [4] - is given. The respective enrichment factors K have been calculated and presented in Tables 1-5. Fly-ashes of oil shale are poorer in all elements except Br, Rb, and Cs as compared to this standard. They contain 2-5 times less toxic (Se, Sb), radioactive (Th, U), and rare elements. The comparison of the cement kiln dust with the standard gave almost the same results. The comparison of two local pollutants indicated that the kiln dust is enriched by Rb, Cs, Eu, Yb, Th, Lu, Ag, and Au. As there are no natural throw-out sources in Estonia, we cannot compare natural and anthropogenic throw-outs. Nevertheless, we have compared the composition of two samples of volcaneous ashes from Kamchatka with the American standard and with oil-shale fly-ash, too. The respective results are given in Table 5. Volcaneous ashes are poor in all elements.