The well resolved Raman spectra of electrochemically synthesized conducting and non-conducting poly(N-vinylcarbazole) were obtained. The Raman and i.r. spectra revealed that the conducting polymer had a 3,3’-dicarbazyl structure formed by dimerization at the 3,6 position and an appropriate mechanism was proposed. The conducting polymer was also obtained by electrolysis of the non-conducting polymer dissolved in dichloromethane. The conducting polymer obtained by this method was found to have a similar structure to that obtained by direct electrolysis of the monomer. The polymerization was monitored by the use of a specially designed cell, with in situ Raman spectra being taken from the electrode surface at different intervals. These spectra showed that there were no significant structural changes occurring in the conducting polymer during the polymerization process. In addition, the Raman image of the conducting polymer was taken by using the intense band which was located at 1600 cm-1.