The synthetic routes for preparation of side chain liquid crystal polycarbosilanes, with rod type mesogens, pending from every second and every fourth atom in the main chain, forming ’comb-like’ and ’double comb-like’ polymers, are described. Structure-property relationships were investigated. X-ray measurements of the smectic materials, oriented in a magnetic field, proved the S-Al phase to be a dominant one for these new mesomorphic polymers; however, generation of S-Ad and more ordered S-B phases was also detected. Polycarbosilanes present useful, highly thermally and chemically resistant materials, which provide useful models for studies of the influence of the main chain architecture on the properties of polymers with various pendant groups.