Polymer, Vol.39, No.19, 4489-4495, 1998
Cylindrulitic morphologies in dispersions of polymers and liquid crystals
Thin-film mixtures of nematic liquid crystals in a photopolymerizable prepolymer can yield not only the well-known 'polymer-dispersed liquid crystal' droplet morphology but, in different ranges of composition and polymerization temperature, a spherulitic-like morphology (which is more properly described as 'cylindrulitic' because these structures grow as disks about a central defect axis anchored at the film surfaces). These cylindrulites exhibit a variety of important characteristics including our previously described radial inversion wall defects. Growth rates are linear and extremely slow ( less than or equal to 1.7 mu m/h). Isotropization manifests itself in two stages, first through a non-birefringent band at the cylindrulitic perimeter which tends to spread along the intercylindrulitic boundaries. Isotropization in the interior then follows ca. 0.1 degrees C higher in temperature and occurs by nucleation and growth of cylindrical non-birefringent domains. There are also indications that encirclement of clusters of cylindrulites by isotropized bands at their perimeter may promote earlier nucleation of isotropic domains in their interiors, as well. The radial inversion wall defects within the cylindrulites generally survive heating and cooling through the isotropization temperature and are impacted in a variety of ways in the vicinity of nucleated isotropic regions : the inversion walls can be redirected to either side of an isotropic domain with or without termination, they can be annihilated at that particular region, or they can remain unaffected.